Iver johnson and andrew fyrberg



(N o Model.)

I. JOHNSON 88 A. FYRBERG.

f REVOLVER. w

NO. 505,918. Patented 001;. 8,1898;

UNITED STATES 'PATENT OFFICE.

IVER JOHNSON AND ANDRE'lV-VFYRBEBG, OFWORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS; SAID FYRBERG ASSIGNOR TO SAID JOHNSON.

REvoLvizlR.4

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent vNo. 505,918, dated October 3, 1893.` Application filed Decemberl, 1883. Serial Not' 294,986. (No model.)

T all wiz/0m, it may ooltcern:

Be it known that we, IVER JOHNSON and ANDREW FYRBERG, citizens of the United The objects of our invention are, to pro-- vide means for looking the revolving cylinder and holding the same from turning while the cartridges are being exploded; to provide means forlocking'the revolving cylinder upon its spindle and thereby preventing its longitudinal movement thereon; to provide means whereby the barrel strap is locked upon the catch-post; to provide means for preventing the explosion of the cartridge unless the barrel Strap is securely locked to the catch-post; and further to provide means for retaining the hammer in aposition which shall allow the barrel strap retaining latchv to be moved for the purpose of releasing the strap from the catch-post; and our invention consists, first, in a latching or looking device pivoted upon and carried by one of the Operating parts of the lock, and actuated to withdraw from the notches in the cylinder by means of its engagement, or contact with a fixed portion of the fire-arm; second, in the construction and arrangement of the locking device and the parts forming the same,whereby its motion is reversed and it is made to engage the cyl- 40 inder and hold it from rotation on its spindle;

third, in the sliding spring-actuated pin carried in the barrel Strap, with its latch pin pivoted thereon; fourth, in the latching mechanism by which the barrel strap is attached to the catch-post; fifth, in the arrangement of a pivoted hammer and a pivoted latching mechanism for attaching 'the barrel strap to the catch-post, said latching mechanism and said hammer moving in a common path, whereby they are caused to collide and arrest the hammer, and thereby prevent the exploi sion of the Cartridge, except when the barrel strapi is securely latched upon the catch-post, and our i'nvention further consists, sixth, in the construction and arrangement of the devices by which the hammer is operated,

I whereby it is held out of the path of catchpost latch and in a position to prevent the premature explosion of the cartridge.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

illustrating such portions of a revolving fire arm as embody our inventionz-Figure lrepresents in side view a portion of a revolver,

a part being shown in sectional view in order to disclose the mechanism by which the cylinder is locked against a rotary motion upon its spindle, the looking mechanism being shown in its normal position. Fig. 2 represents a portion of a revolver with a part of the frame inclosing the cylinder looking a mechanisrn removed and showing the locking mechanism as withdrawn from engageinent with the cylinder. Fig. 3 represents the same parts as are shown in Fig. 2, but with thelocking mechanism as having re-locked the cyl-' inder from its position as shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 denotes a portionof the revolver showing its hammer raised and retained by the sear in order to remove thehammerfrom the' path of the catch-post latch. Fig. 5 denot'es a portion of the revolver-with the hammer held by the catch-post latch from acting upon the firing pin, the portion of the frame covv ering th'e hammer having been removed and the barrel strap being shown in longitudinal sectional view. Fig. G represents the Same portion as shown -in Fig. 5, but with the hammer under the catch-post latch. Fig. 7 represents a transverse sectional view of the barrel str-ap illustrating the construction and go operation of the latching mechanism by which the cylinder is held from longitudinal movement upon its spindle. Fig'. 8 represents the same parts as are shown in Fig. 7, but with the latching mechanism in a different position.

Similar figures refer to similar parts in the several views.

In the accompanying drawings, 1 denotes the frame; 2 the barrel; 3 the barrel strap; 4: ioo the catch-post; 5 the trigger; 6 the trigger guard; 7 the cylinder; 8 the hammer and 9 the hanuner spring. The construction and arrangement of all these parts being well understood by those conversant with this class of fire arms a detailed description is deemed unnecessary.

The cylinder 7 turns upon a spindle 10 and is provided with a series of notches 11, which are successively engaged by the cylinder looking mechanism for the purpose of holding the cartridge chambers successively in alignment with the bore of the barrel 2 in the common and well known manner, the cylinder being turned upon its spindle 10 with an intermittent motion by means of the cylinder actuating mechanism comprising a-series of ratchet teeth 12 upon the cylinder 7 and'a pawl 13 pivoted to the trigger 5 and operated in the usnal manner by the motion of the trigger inthe operation of discharging the revolver.

The trigger 5 is pivoted upon a pin 14 held in the frame 1 and is held in its normal-position by the trigger. spring 15, acting against the rigid portion of the frame of the revolver, and exerting an upward pressure u-pon the shoulder 1G of the trigger.` Pivoted upon a`` pin 17 and within a Vertical mortise in the trigger is a cylinder stop 18 having. an oblong` hole or slot 19;,through which the pivotal pinA 17" passes. The stop 18 is aeted upon by a spring 20, which serves to carry the curved catch end 21 upward through a slot in` the frame and into one of the notches 11 inthe cylinder 7, and alsoto press the stop 18 to the left, Fig. 1, as far as permitted by the pin'17. in.t he slot 19. The u-pward movement of thecatch end 21 is limited by the contact| of the stop-18 withthe pin 1(1. The'opposite end- 22of the stop-18 restsz upon the corner 28iof theitrigger guard 6, or other fixed point of the rcvolver and as the trigger is movedf back in the. operation of discharging the revolven the-pin 17 is-depressed and asl the end'p22 is held. from moving downward by means of its' engagenient with the corner 23 of. the trigger guard,-thecatch end 2-1 will be depressedwithdrawing the end 21 from its engagement with the cylinder and bringingtheu cylinder stop 18 into the position shown in Fig. 2, and releasing thecylinder, so't'hat it is free to beiturned by the cylinder aetuating.A mechanism in the usual manner. The continuedbackward motionof the trigger: 5,,serves to withdraw the end 22 from the corner 23 of the trigger guard and permitting the spring 20 to carry the catch end 21 upwardthrough the slot in the frame as shown in. Figi 3, and into the next succeeding notch upon the cylinder, which has been brought into the proper position by the action of the cylinder actuating mechanism, again re-locking the cylinder and holding it from turning as the further continued backward motion ofv the trigger effects the release of the hammer and the consequent discharge of the revolver. As the trigger 5 is again released it is lnoved forward into its normal position as shown in Fig. 1, by the action of the trigger spring 15, and as the cylinder stop 18 is carried from its position shown in Fig. 3 to that shown in Fig. 1, the eurved edge 24 is brought against the corner 23 of the trigger guard and the cylinder stop` is forced to the right and against the tension of the cylinder stop spring 20, permitting the end 22 to pass the corner 23 of the guard 6, when the action of the spring 20 will force the stop 18 to the left and into its normal position as shown in Fig. 1. .The cylinder 7 is thus released during a short period to allow the cylinder to be turned by the action of the cylinder pawl13, and again locked i prior to and during the release of the hammer and the discharge of the cartridge through the operation of mechanism, shown in the p drawings, but not herein described in detail as its construction and operation is old and i forms no part of oui` present invention.

Instead of employing the corner 23 of the trigger guard as a fnlcrnm to producea rotationV of the cylinder stop about its pivotal pin 2 and depress the catch end 21, aipiniheld in the frame of the revolver or any fixedV portion of the revolver can be utilzed for that ,1 purpose.

Theemployment of a cylinder stop l act'uated by a spring and having a'rocking motion upon its-pivotal pin isnot new, neither l: is it new to employ a cylinder stop having a E-rocking and sliding motion' upon its pivotal pin, as suchl stops have beenl long in use, but

" it hasbeen usual to pivot such stops upon a pivotal` pin or a fixed point held in the fixed portion of the firea-rmandl to actuate' them by the back'ward' [notion` of the trigger either directly or throughthe intervention of intermediate lnechanisin and against the tension of aispri'ng a-ppliedf to the cylinder stop. Such construction was shown in the patent to Sweet, datedDecemberlO, 1878, No. 210,7 25,in which thestopwas rocked upon the fixed pivtotal point on the'bottom of the'recoill shield.

Sucha construction wedo not hereinaclaim.

The essential feature of our present invention consists inplacingzthe cylinder stop upon theitrigger itseli and employing a fixed' ful- .crnmy with relation tofwhichthecylinder stop the number of parts attached individually to the frame of the revolver. The cylinderisheld from longitudinal movement upon its-spindle by means of the meehanism shown in Figs. 7 and Sand consistingof a sliding pin 25 held'in a transverse cylindrical chamber 25 in the strap3- and projecting: from the side of the strap to allow it to be pushed inagainst the tension of the spiral spring 26'acting vagainst the end wall of the cylindrical chamber-in the strap 3. A short mortise 27 is made through the central portion of the strap and communicating with the chamber 250'. Through the mortise 27 is placed the latch 28 having' its inner end hooked at 29 and inclosing a pro- IOO IIO

jecting pin 30 in the side of the Sliding pin 25. The Sliding pin is' provided with'shoulders 31, 31,between which is a pin 32 held in the Strap 3 and entering the chamber 25a, by means of which the sliding motion of the pin 25 is limited. AS the. pin 25 is pushed into the chamber 25, against the tension of the spring 26, the hooked end of the latch 28 is moved transversely to the Strap 3 and the latch itself drawn into the chamber until its outer and projecting end becomes flush with the under Side of the Strap 3, as shown in Fig. 8. When the sliding pin 25 is released, the action of the Spiral Spring 26 ,forces the sliding pin and also the hooked end of the latch, reversing their motion and pushing the latch 28 through the mortise 27 and causing its outer end toproject over the end of the cylinder, thereby locking it against any longitudinal movement upon its Spindle 10. The latch 28 is Slightly curved and the Side walls of the mortise 27 in contact with the curved edges of the latch are made to conforin in a degree in order to facilitate the sliding motion of the latch. The hooked end of the latch is open at one side and the spring 26 bearsagainst the hooked end of the latch to force the latch outward, simultaneously with the outward Sliding motion of the pin 25. The Strap 3 is provided with a mortise 33, through which the catch-post 4 passes when the Strap is iocked upon the post in the usual manner common'in fire arms of this class.

Pivoted within a recess in the catch-post 4 is alatch 34, provided with a Shoulder 35 adapted to engage a correspondingshoulder 36 upon the Strap 4 and within the mortise 33, and also having a spring 37 placed beneath the latch 34 to raise the same into engagement with the Shoulder 36. The free end of the latch is forined into a thumb piece 38, entering, when the latch is depressed, into the Slot 39 in the frame 1 through which the hammer iS moved by the hammer Spring 9 in the operation of discharging the revolver. When the Strap 3 is attached to the post 4 by means of the latch 34, the hammer 8 passes beneath the free end of the latch or thumb piece 38, in the act of explod'ing the Cartridge and as the hammer is Slightly raised from contact with the firing pin 40 as is common in what are known as re bounding hammers, the thumb piece 38 extends over the space in front of the ham mer closing the sa me against the admission of dirt, the hammervoccupying the position shown in Figs. l and 6, in which the parts named are shown in their normal positions. In order to release the Strap 3 from the post 4 by the depression of the latch 34 it will be necessary to withdraw the hammer and retain the'same in a position out of the path of the thumb piece 38. This in the hammer tumbler to be engaged by the sear 42 and retain the hammer in the position shown in Fig. 4 or raised just far enough to allow the latch 34 to be depressed and the Strap 3 released from the post 4. The notch v41 is preferably V Shaped with its corners slightly rounded in order to obviate the clicking Sound when the hammer is raised. As the Strap 3 is brought upon the post 4 by rocking the barrel 2 upon the pivot-al pin 2*, by which it is pivoted to the frame 1, the wall of the mortise 33 pressing upon the latch 34 will Serve to depress the same, provided the hammer is withdrawn from the path of the latch, until the Shoulder 35 has passed the Shoulder 36 on the Strap, when the Spring 37 will raise the latch, causing thev Strap 3 to be engaged by and securely locked upon the catch-post 4.

If the Strap 3 is not depressed far enough to allow the spring 37 to raise the latch 34 and engage the Strap, then the free end of the latch will be held in the path of the hammer, in the operation of discharging the revolver, and the hammer will be arrested in its forward movement as impelled byv the hammer spring 9 and, the discharge of the Cartridge prevented. The latch 34, it will be seen, performs a double Service besides the obviou's one of attaching the barrel Strap to the catchpost of the revolver, viz., that of a dust guard to prevent the admission of dust or dirt to the space in front of the hammer as it is raised from its contact with the firing pin, and also to act as a Safety guard to prevent the discharge of the revolver in casethe Strap is brought into position upon the catch post, bringing the cartridges in position to `be ef:- ploded by the impact of the firing. pin, but without Securely looking the barrel Strap upon the catch-post; and this latter object we accomplish Without reference especially to the Specific form of construction embodied in the latching mechanism, as that might obviously be changed, but by arranging the latching mechanism with reference to the the latching device occu'pies its normal position in the engagement of the barrel Strap upon-the catch-post.

We do not claiin broadlythe employment in a revolver or other fire arm of a dust Shield by which the admission of dust or dirt to the Spacein front of the rebounding hammer is prevented, as Such was before, known, but

What we do clairn, and desire to` Secure by Letters Patent, iS- i 1. In a revolving fire arm,the combination with a revolving cylinder, and a trigger pivoted in the frame of the fire arm, of a cylinder stop 18 pivoted midway its length upon saidtriggerand having one end adapted to ranged7 to be held by a fixed stop, while the movement of the hammer is arrested unless vengage Said cylinder and its opposite end ared to engage With a fixed stop, and a fixed,

stop 23, said cylinder stop being pivoted on said trigger between the ends 21 and 22 and a spring 20 applied to said cylinderstop to. carry the end 21 into engagement with the cylinder, substantially as described.

3. In a revolving fire arm, the combination' with a revolving cartridge cylinder provided with aseries ofv notches andv a pivoted trigger, of a cylinder stop pivoted uponiand earried by said trigger, said stop havingan ohlong opening or slot. through which its pivotal pin passesanda' spring with its tension applied to said stop to carry one of its ends into the notches in saidcylinder and also to move said stop longitudinally in one directionzina line parallel with the major axis of said oblong opening, or slot, substantially as described. i

4. In a revolvingifire'arm, thecombination with a pivoted trigger. and a revolving cartridge cylinder provided with a series ofi notches, of a cylinder stop pivoted uponiaud carried by said trigger and having an oblong opening or slot through .which its pivotalpin passes, a spring With its tension applied to i said cylinder stop to rotate said stop upon its pivot in one direction and also to move said stop in one direction in a lineparallel with the. major axis of said oblong opening or slot, aV fulcruxn arranged in the path of said cylinder stop as it is carried by said .triggen` whereby the stopis rotated and the cylinder released,.and a curved edge or cam surface upon said stop whereby it is slid upon' its pivotal pin and against the tension of its spring to allow the stop to pass said fnlcrum during the reverse or forwardmotion of the trigger, substantially as described.

5. In a revolving fire arm, the combination with a pivoted trigger havinga Vertical mortise and with a revolving cartridge cylinder having a series of notches, of acylinder stop 18 pivoted in said mortise in the` trigger and provided With a catch end 2l adapted to enter the notches in the cylindexgiwith an oblong opening or slot 19 through. which the pivotal pin 17 of the stop passes and also with a cam surface 24:, a fixed fulcrum. 23 and. a spring 20 held within said trigger mortise and acting against said stop to rotate it in one dircction and carry its catch end into the cylinder notches and also to move said stop endwise in one direction upon its pivotal pin, all

oted upon said trigger and having-arounded catch-end adapted to. enter i the notches in said:` cylinder and a spring with .its tension applied to said stop toY carry its catch-end into said notches, and a;pin arranged in the path of said. stopwhereby its motion islimited as actuated by said spring, substantially as described. r i i i i i 7; In-t-airevolvingfire arm,the combination with a pivoted triggerV anda revolviug. cylinderprovidedwith lat-seriesi of notches, of a cylinder stop: pivoted .upon and carriedby 1 said tnigger a spring w'ithzitstension applied i to said stopto imparltto said stop -a rotary 1 and an endwise'imotion in onedirection, a fulcrnm placed inthe path of said: stopas and' l for the purpose.specifiedanda trigger spring. :i with its tension applied tesaid trigger to reverse its motion,.substantially as described. v 8. The combination with apivoted hammer, ja catch post andvaxbarrel strap havinga mor- 1 tise to receive saidu catch post, of alatch piv- .L oted uponsaid catch-postami having ashoulder adapted'` to engage a corresponding shoulder uponsaidibarrelstrapaspringactuating o said latch andathumb piece formed on said latch and extending renrward over said pivfoted hammer when in'its` normal position to serve as' a dust shield, the free-endiof said latch entering the path of said hammerwhea jthe latch is depressed to release the barrel strap'substantially as described. 9. Theicombination with ahammerpivoted. in the frame,a catch .post and a barrel strap havingamortise toreceive saidv catch, post, l of a latch; by which' said: barrelstrap is .held l upon said catch post saidV latch being solarranged that it is moved in the operation of 1releasing'the barrel strap,.into the patlL ofA f the hammer in the operation of (lischarging the fire arm,.whereby saidA latch ismade to 'serve as a safety check topreventthedischarge ofthe fire arm` when the barrel` strap is nnlatched,` from the catch post, substantially as described. i

10. The combination with a pivoted hammer and hammer spring, a catch post and a barrel strap having a mortise to=receive said catch post of a springactuatedlatch pivoted upon said catchy post and having a shoulder arranged to automatically engage a corresponding shoulder upon said barrel strap by the actionY of its spring, the shoulder upon said barrel strap as the strap is carried upon the catch post, serving to depress said pivoted latch and carry itl into the path of the hammer in the operation of. discharging the fire arm, substantially as described.

11. Thecombination with a catch post and a barrelstrap latched to-said catch postand a hammer pivoted in the frame and having ilo a hammer actuating spring and connected:

hainmer, said latch as it is depressed to disl 15 engage the barrel strap moving into the path of said hainmer as it is brought against the firing pin, said hammer having a nctch in its tuinbler arranged to be engaged by a seai', by which the hammer is held in position to allow the latch to be depl'essed, and a retaining sear, snbstantially as descl'ibed.

IVER JOHNSON. ANDREW FYRBERG.

Witnesses:

RUFUS B. FOWLER, I-L M. FOWLER. 

